Ritonga, M., Ahmed, E. and Shahril, M. (2025) “The Transformation of the Independent Curriculum: An Analysis of Learning Crisis Recovery and Its Relevance in 21st Century Learning in the Society 5.0 Era”, Edukasiana: Journal of Islamic Education, 4(1), pp. 352-359. doi: 10.61159/edukasiana.v4i1.387.